Effects of ruxolitinib cream on pruritus and quality of life in atopic dermatitis: Results from a phase 2, randomized,dose-ranging,vehicle- and active-controlled study

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Targeted interleukin-10 plasmid DNA therapy in the treatment of osteoarthritis: Toxicology and pain efficacy assessments

Osteoarthritis results in chronic pain and loss of function. Proinflammatory cytokines create both osteoarthritis pathology and pain. Current treatments are poorly effective, have significant side effects, and have not targeted the cytokines central to osteoarthritis development and maintenance. Interleukin-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that potently and broadly suppresses proinflammatory cytokine activity. However, interleukin-10 protein has a short half-life in vivo and poor joint permeability. For sustained IL-10 activity, we developed a plasmid DNA-based therapy that expresses a long-acting human interleukin-10 variant (hIL-10var). Here, we describe the 6-month GLP toxicology study of this therapy. Intra-articular injections of hIL-10var pDNA into canine stifle joints up to 1.5 mg bilaterally were well-tolerated and without pathologic findings. This represents the first long-term toxicologic assessment of intra-articular pDNA therapy. We also report results of a small double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effect of intra-articular hIL-10var pDNA on pain measures in companion (pet) dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis. This human IL-10-based targeted therapy reduced pain measures in the dogs, based on veterinary and owner ratings, without any adverse findings. These results with hIL-10var pDNA therapy, well-tolerated and without toxicologic effects, establish the basis for clinical trials of a new class of safe and effective therapies for OA.     

Depression among caregivers of patients with dementia: Associative factors and management approaches

As elderly people increasingly come to represent a higher proportion of the world’s population, various forms of dementia are becoming a significant chronic disease burden. The World Health Organization emphasizes dementia care as a public health priority and calls for more support for family caregivers who commonly play a significant, central role in dementia care. Taking care of someone with dementia is a long-term responsibility that can be stressful and may lead to depression among family caregivers. Depression and related behavioral and cognitive changes among caregivers could in turn affect the status and prognosis of the dementia patient. This review article explores depression in dementia caregivers and summarizes proposed mechanisms, associated factors, management and research findings, and proposes future research directions.     

Ultrasound‐Guided Therapeutic Scapulothoracic Interval Injections

Scapulothoracic pain is a common ailment, but the underlying cause can be difficult to diagnose in a timely manner, and treatment options are limited. We retrospectively review our experience using ultrasound‐guided therapeutic scapulothoracic interval steroid injections to treat scapulothoracic pain and review correlative magnetic resonance imaging findings over a 5‐year period. Although a variety of structural causes are known to cause scapulothoracic pain, in our experience, most cases lack correlative imaging findings. Ultrasound‐guided scapulothoracic interval injections provide a safe, easily performed diagnostic and therapeutic tool for treating patients with periscapular pain, providing at least short‐term symptom relief.     

银杏叶注射液对丙泊酚麻醉引起的大鼠认知功能障碍的影响

目的:观察银杏叶注射液对麻醉引起的认知功能障碍的影响。方法:将75只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、银杏叶组、抑制剂组、激动剂组,每组15只。银杏叶组、抑制剂组、激动剂组从麻醉前3 d腹腔注射银杏叶注射液(2 mL/kg),1次/d,连续给药3 d;抑制剂组在麻醉前腹腔注射EX527(5 mg/kg);激动剂组在麻醉前腹腔注射SRT1720(200 mg/kg)。水迷宫观察认知功能程度,观察大鼠脑组织神经元形态学变化,透射电镜观察脑组织组织超微结构,检测Iba-1、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、SOD、MDA、SIRT1、NF-κB、IκB-α、Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3指标变化。结果:与模型组、抑制剂组比较,银杏叶组和激动剂组大鼠逃避潜伏期缩短、穿越平台次数增多、脑组织神经细胞形态改善,突触数量增多,SIRT1、IκB-α、Bcl-2、SOD表达升高,IκB-α、Bax、Caspase-3、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、MDA表达降低(P<0.05);与银杏叶组比较,激动剂组的上述情况均较优(P<0.05);与模型组比较,抑制剂组的上述情况均较优(P<0.05)。结论:银杏叶注射液改善麻醉引起的认知障碍,其机制之一可能通过SIRT1/NF-κB通路介导。     

硼替佐米皮下注射方案治疗3例POEMS综合征并文献复习

目的:探讨含硼替佐米方案治疗POEMS综合征的有效性和安全性。方法:报道3例POEMS综合征经含硼替佐米方案治疗的过程及结果，并对相关文献进行复习。结果:3例病人经化疗后1例神经症状得到明显改善，1例腹胀症状消失，1例神经症状及胸闷、气短症状改善。结论:含硼替佐米方案治疗POEMS综合征患者取得了较好疗效，未出现神经毒副作用。     

丹参川芎嗪在椎基底动脉供血不足头晕的研究

目的 探讨丹参川芎嗪对椎基底动脉供血不足头晕的影响.方法 抽取90例医院(2018年3月—2019年3月)收治的椎基底动脉供血不足头晕患者作为研究对象,根据计算机随机分组法,将90例患者分为对照组、试验组,每组45例.对照组用常规药物治疗,试验组用丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗,对比椎基底动脉血流动力学指标、血液流变学相关指标、治疗总有效率.结果 相较于对照组,试验组血流速度较高,而脉动指数较低(P<0.05);相较于对照组,试验组血液流变学相关指较低(P<0.05);相较于对照组,试验组治疗总有效率较高(P<0.05).结论 丹参川芎嗪注射液治疗椎基底动脉供血不足头晕,既可改善椎基底动脉血流动力学指标、血液流变学等相关指标,又能提高治疗总有效率.